isirv Antiviral Group
News
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2013
| 11th December 2013 - Influenza A(H7N9) neuraminidase resistance without loss of in vivo virulence or transmissibility |
| Researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have reported that oseltamivir-resistant strains of influenza A(H7N9) transmit and cause disease as efficiently as strains that are sensitive to the neuraminidase inhibitor class of drugs. The report raises concern as antiviral medication is a key treatment and prevention measure in the absence of a vaccine against the novel strain. The full paper can be accessed at: http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2013/131210/ncomms3854/full/ncomms3854.html |
| 17th July 2013 - Study outlines difficulties in detecting H7N9 antiviral resistance |
| Research published in the journal mBio, the online journal of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), provides further data on cases of influenza A(H7N9) antiviral resistance detected in Shanghai in May 2013. The researchers undertook detailed characterisation of an isolate obtained from the first confirmed human case of infection in China, two days after Oseltamivir treatment had been commenced. They found that whilst the clinical isolate exhibited a phenotype of sensitivity to NA-inhibitors using the enzyme-based NA inhibition assay, genetic analysis revealed a mixture of H7N9 variants. One of the variants, K292, was resistant to the neuraminidase inhibitor class of antiviral drugs, including oseltamivir, zanamivir and peramivir. The authors conclude that resistance to NA inhibitors conferred by the R292K mutation in a human H7N9 isolate can be masked by a mixed R/K viral population, and this should be taken into consideration when monitoring antiviral resistance in patients with H7N9 infection. The full paper can be accessed at: http://mbio.asm.org/content/4/4/e00396-13.full |
| 28th May 2013 - First clinical confirmation of H7N9 viruses resistant to Tamiflu |
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Research published today in the Lancet documents the first clinical cases of resistance to Tamiflu (Oseltamivir) and similar neuraminidase inhibitor drugs in people infected with influenza A(H7N9) infection. |
| 12th April 2013 - Antiviral susceptibility of influenza A(H7N9) viruses |
| 3rd April 2013 - Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) in China |
| 2 April 2013 - The value of neuraminidase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of seasonal influenza: a systematic review of systematic reviews |
| A systematic review has been published in the online journal PLOS ONE which evaluates previously published systematic reviews of the benefits and disadvantages of neuraminidase inhibitors (NIs) (oseltamivir and zanamivir) compared to placebos for the prophylaxis and treatment of seasonal influenza. The authors found that the efficacy of NIs in prophylaxis ranged from 64% (16–85) to 92% (37–99); the absolute risk reduction ranged from 1.2% to 12.1%. Clinically relevant treatment benefits of NIs were small in healthy adults and children suffering from influenza-like illness. No evidence was available on the treatment benefits of NIs in elderly and at-risk groups and their effects on hospitalization and mortality. They conclude that the combination of diagnostic uncertainty, the risk for virus strain resistance, possible side effects and financial cost outweigh the small benefits of oseltamivir or zanamivir for the prophylaxis and treatment of healthy individuals. No relevant benefits of these NIs on complications in at-risk individuals have been established. The full review is available at: http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0060348 |
| 26 February 2013 - Mechanism-based covalent neuraminidase inhibitors with broad spectrum influenza antiviral activity |
| 18 January 2013 - Oseltamivir and fetal health |
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A study reported in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology has found no association between oseltamivir use during pregnancy and fetal outcome. The retrospective cohort study of 55,355 women in Canada included 1,237 (2.2%) who had received oseltamivir for the treatment or prevention of influenza during pregnancy. |
| 11 January 2013 - Study of resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors, 2008 to 2011 |
| The first three years of data from the Influenza Resistance Information Study that began in 2008 have been published in a report in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases. The data show that resistance to the neuraminidase inhibitor (NI) class of drugs was 2.2% overall and mostly found in patients aged 1 to 5 years. The study of 1,799 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases detected 1281 influenza A (47 seasonal H1N1; 335 H3N2; 899 H1N1 pdm2009) and 518 influenza B. All 47 of the seasonal influenza A(H1N1) viruses tested were resistant to the NI drug oseltamivir (Tamiflu). No resistance was detected amongst any of the other viral subtypes. The report abstract can be accessed at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008965.pub3/abstract |
| January 2013 - Special issue of 'Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses' journal on Influenza Antivirals: Efficacy and Resistance |
| The isirv journal 'Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses' has published a supplement edition 'Influenza Antivirals: Efficacy and Resistance'. The Conference Proceedings are from the first isirv Antiviral Group conference held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 8-10 November 2011. The full supplement edition can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/irv.2012.7.issue-s1/issuetoc |